The 10 Commandments shown in and on the Supreme court building (actually just roman numerals 1 to 10 (I to X) are similar to those depicted in and on synagogues. In Sheffield, there is a small brick church used by several denominations over the years. The Methodists used it at one time. It was a synnagogue, also. If, you look carefully, behind and above the front portico, you may see a depiction of two white tablets with the same roman numerals.
The 10 commandments were Hebrew in origin, and were meant for obediance for those under the mosaic code. In pre-Christian times, jews did not insist thal all who worshipped God do so as Jews. Gentiles could do so and obey the seven Noahaic commandments. In the old Temple, there was a seperate Court of the Gentiles for their worship.